Introduction In the fast-paced world of technology and artificial intelligence, innovation never stops. The spotlight has been shining on ChatGPT, a remarkable language model developed by OpenAI, for its astonishing ability to generate essays, emails, and even computer code based on simple prompts. However, the field of machine learning is constantly evolving, and researchers from MIT have recently made headlines by introducing a groundbreaking system that could dwarf ChatGPT in terms of power and energy efficiency. In the July 17 issue of Nature Photonics, an MIT-led team unveiled their experimental breakthrough: a novel computing system that leverages the movement of light instead of electrons. This pioneering approach utilizes hundreds of micron-scale lasers, representing a significant departure from conventional electronic-based computing systems. The result? A more than 100-fold improvement in energy efficiency and a 25-fold boost in compute density compared to state-of-the-a...